A scientist

Name: Marsha.Hmiel

Date: 06/02/2013

Instructor’s Name: Robert Carter

Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 5 Lab Report

Title: Taxonomy Lab to Show Organism Relationships

Instructions: You will need to fill out the data table and answer a set of questions.

When your lab report is complete, post it in Submitted Assignment files.

Part 1: Using the lab animation, fill in the following data tables to help you answer the questions that follow:

Table 1: Samples 1–5

Phylum/Division

Sample 1: Chrysophyta

Sample 2: Annelida

Sample 3: Arthropoda

Sample 4: Amphibia

Sample 5: Aves

Common Feature

Nutrition

How does the organism break down and absorb food?

Autotrophic

Heterotrophic – Earthworms eat their way through dirt, so they are detritivores.

Heterotrophic – Some are vegetarian, some are carnivorous, and some are decomposers.

Heterotrophic – These are usually vegetarian as tadpoles and carnivores as adults.

Heterotrophic

Circulatory System (Transport)

How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open, closed, diffusion only)?

Diffusion only

Closed with 5 aortic arches (hearts)

Open circulatory system with a heart pumping hemolymph

Closed with 3-chambered heart

Closed with 4 – chambered heart

Respiratory System

How does the organism get oxygen and release carbon dioxide?

Diffusion only

Diffusion through skin

Diffusion through tracheal tubes

Diffusion through gills as a tadpole and through lungs and skin (especially) as adults

Diffusion through the lungs

Reproductive System

Does the organism use asexual or sexual reproduction (eggs, seeds, spores, placenta, type of fertilization)?

Asexual

Hermaphrodites: One body has both sexes Sexual:  His special organ called clitellum that moves from the front of the worm to the rear and then falls off, containing the eggs

Sexual: Mostly internal fertilization

Sexual: Mostly external fertilization; must be in water or very moist area

Sexual: Eggs; internal

Excretory System

How does the organism get rid of wastes and maintain an ionic balance of fluids?

Diffusion

Nephridia in each segment; solid waste. Exits through the anus

Malpighian tubeles

Kidneys, intestines, anus

Kidneys, intestines, anus

Growth and Development

Does the organism go through metamorphosis, develop in an egg or uterus, or grow from seeds?

Start as small cells; grow bigger until division

Start out as fertilized eggs, hatch into little worms that continue to grow, and then mature sexually into adults

Complete (egg, larvae, pupae, adult) or incomplete (egg, nymph, adult) metamorphosis

Metamorphosis; Egg, tadpole, adult

Develop in egg

Regulation

How does the organism control body processes (hormones, nervous system)?

The nucleus directs protein synthesis. Euglena have eye spots that can detect light

Tiny anterior brain, ganglia, and the nerve cord runs the length of the body

Tiny anterior brain, nerve cord, ganglia, and extremely well-developed sensory organs

Brain, nervous system, good reflexes

Nervous and endocrine systems

Sample organism

Phytoplankton

Earthworm

Fruitfly

Frog

Bird

Table 2: Samples 6–10

Phylum/Division

Sample 6: Reptilians

Sample 7: Mammalia

Sample 8: Bryophyta

Sample 9:

Gymnosperm

Sample 10: Angiosperm

Common Feature

Nutrition

How does the organism break down and absorb food?

Heterotrophic – Covered with scales

Heterotrophic – Nuture their young with milk

Autotrophic – Nonvascular plants

Autotrophic – Have needles and seeds but no flowers

Autotrophic – Have flowers

Circulatory System (Transport)

How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open, closed, diffusion only)?

Closed with 4 – chamber heart

Closed with 4 – chamber heart

Diffusion through cell walls and cell membranes

Xylem and phloem

Xylem and phloem

Respiratory System

How does the organism get oxygen and release carbon dioxide?

Diffusion through the lungs

Diffusion through the lungs

Diffusion through cell membranes

Diffusion through stomata

Diffusion through stomata

Reproductive System

Does the organism use asexual or sexual reproduction (eggs, seeds, spores, placenta, type of fertilization)?

Sexual: Eggs; internal

Sexual: Placental, in-uterus development (internal)

Sexual: Alternation of generations. Must be in a moist area for the sperm to swim to the egg

Sexual: Alternation of generations. Pollen is the male sex cell

Sexual: Alternation of generations. Pollen is the male sex cell

Sexual: Excretory System

How does the organism get rid of wastes and maintain an ionic balance of fluids?

Kidneys, intestines, anus

Kidneys, intestines, anus

None

None

None

Growth and Development

Does the organism go through metamorphosis, develop in an egg or uterus, or grow from seeds?

Develop in eggs

Develop in-uterus

Spores, not seeds

Naked seeds in cones

Seeds protected in pods, shells, fruit, and so forth

Regulation

How does the organism control body processes (hormones, nervous system)?

Nervous and endocrine systems

Big brain; well-developed nervous system and endocrine system

none

Hormones in apical bud, root, and stem

Hormones in apical bud, root, stem, and leaves

Sample organism

Snake

Cat

Moss

Pine Tree

Rose

Part 2: Using the completed data table, answer the following questions:

1. 1. What is common among all samples?

1. 1. What is common among organisms from samples 1, 9, and 10?

1. 1. What is common between the circulatory system of organisms from samples 5, 6, and 7, but different in organisms from sample 4?

1. 1. What is common in the respiration system of organisms from samples 2 and 4?

1. 1. What gas is delivered to the respiratory system of organisms from samples 1, 9, and 10? Why?

1. 1. Which organisms are producers?

1. 1. Which organisms are decomposers?

1. 1. Look at the surface of your hand. You will see the skin and hair made up of protein called keratin. Which organisms did humans inherit that protein from?

1. 1. Which organisms have blood?